All you've got is a jet of water from a hose-pipe that you can squirt at it. Suppose you had a cannonball travelling past you and you wanted to deflect it as it went by you. If something is moving and you subject it to a sideways force, instead of moving in a straight line, it will move in a curve - deflected out of its original path by the sideways force.
In fact, there are several different designs of mass spectrometer which differ in detail - this page looks at one which is easy to understand. This page describes how a mass spectrum is produced using a mass spectrometer.
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